The selection of the next pope is uncertain, with no clear front-runner, as Pope Francis' numerous appointments have diversified the College of Cardinals, complicating predictions. Various contenders represent potential continuations of Francis' progressive agenda or a shift back to traditionalism, with international relations expertise being a valued trait. Notable candidates include Pierbattista Pizzaballa, an Italian Cardinal with extensive Middle Eastern experience, and Pietro Parolin, Francis' experienced Secretary of State. Fridolin Ambongo from the Democratic Republic of Congo and Luis Antonio Tagle from the Philippines reflect the church's growing focus on Africa and Asia. Matteo Zuppi, Peter Erdo, and Anders Arborelius also emerge as prominent candidates, each bringing distinct backgrounds and perspectives to the potential papacy.

Pierbattista Pizzaballa, the Vatican's top official for Middle East affairs, is considered a strong candidate due to his international experience and non-involvement in Vatican politics, despite being a relatively recent cardinal.

Pietro Parolin, known for his diplomatic skills and understanding of the Curia, has been a key figure in improving Vatican relations with countries like China and Vietnam, making him a significant contender.

Fridolin Ambongo, representing the vibrant Catholic communities in Africa, is seen as a potential leader who could symbolize the church's commitment to its growing demographics outside of Europe.

Luis Antonio Tagle, often likened to Pope Francis for his liberal-leaning views and focus on the poor, is noted for his leadership in dealing with divisive church issues and his potential to lead a less Eurocentric church.

Matteo Zuppi is favored for his alignment with Francis' progressive vision and his close association with the influential Sant’Egidio community, though concerns exist about his independence.

Peter Erdo, a traditionalist, appeals to those seeking a return to the conservative values of previous popes, supported by his diplomatic acumen and linguistic abilities.

Anders Arborelius, Sweden's first cardinal, is recognized for addressing challenges such as polarization and the role of women in the church, while maintaining a conservative stance on issues like same-sex blessings.